Swift Introduction | Values, Variables, and Operations | Basic Operations

Numeric Operations

Use the standard arithmetic operators.

Expression	Description
A + B	Add B to A.
A - B	Subtract B from A.
A * B	Multiply A by B.
A / B	Divide A by B.
A % B	Calculate the remainder after dividing A by B.

Use parentheses to control precedence when necessary.

Text Operations

Use the plus sign (+) to concatenate text. For example, "Hello" + "Swift" produces "HelloSwift".

Assignment Operators

Use the equals sign (=) to assign the value on the right to the variable on the left. The following operators combine arithmetic with assignment.

Expression	Description
A += B	Add B to A. Equivalent to `A = A + B`.
A -= B	Subtract B from A. Equivalent to `A = A - B`.
A *= B	Multiply A by B. Equivalent to `A = A * B`.
A /= B	Divide A by B. Equivalent to `A = A / B`.
A %= B	Assign the remainder after dividing A by B. Equivalent to `A = A % B`.

Increment and Decrement Operators

These operators increase or decrease a variable by one.

Expression	Description
++A, A++	Increase A by one.
–A, A–	Decrease A by one.

An operator can appear before or after a variable. The difference is the timing of evaluation and update. ++A increments the value before retrieving it, while A++ retrieves the value before incrementing it.

Comparison Operators

Comparison operators compare two values and return true or false.

Expression	Description
A == B	A and B are equal.
A != B	A and B are not equal.
A < B	A is less than B.
A <= B	A is less than or equal to B.
A > B	A is greater than B.
A >= B	A is greater than or equal to B.

Logical Operators

Logical operators accept Boolean values and return Boolean values. They are useful for combining conditions.

Expression	Description
A && B	AND: `true` only if both A and B are `true`.
A \|\| B	OR: `true` if either A or B is `true`.
A ^ B	XOR: `true` if A and B differ.
!A	NOT: reverses the Boolean value of A.